What is the maximum duration of a DMV-issued instruction permit?

The maximum duration of a DMV-issued instruction permit in California is indeed 12 months. This period allows new drivers to practice their driving skills under the supervision of a licensed adult, typically a parent or guardian. The instruction permit is intended to provide sufficient time for new drivers to gain confidence and competence behind the wheel, preparing them for the responsibilities of independent driving.

Once the permit is issued, the learner must complete the required driving practice, including nighttime driving and practicing in various conditions, within this one-year timeframe. If the permit expires before the learner obtains their driver's license, they will need to apply for a renewal or a new permit to continue practicing driving. This structure helps ensure that learners have adequate time to develop their skills before transitioning to a full license.